|
|
The Great Tax Reformation
| Article
# : |
10579 |
|
|
Section : |
CURRENT ISSUES
|
| Issue
Date : |
2 / 1986 |
1,615 Words |
| Author
: |
|
The United States tax system is imperfect. Some would say it is fatally flawed. The current tax code is over 5,100 pages long. An additional 10,000 pages of IRS interpretation are needed to explain the law. It has undergone nine major revisions since 1954, and the most recent bill, the Rosetenkowski namesake, represents another effort to change the system.
The complexity of the current system is undeniable. A 1977 Treasury Department study estimated that the American public spent 613 million hours filling out over 260 different forms. More recent estimates estimate that two billion hours are spent yearly just to pay taxes.
The cost of this is almost impossible to calculate. The average taxpayer no longer fills out his return. Over 52 percent of taxpayers have to get professional help to fill out their tax returns up from 18 percent in 1954. The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) found that its own employees could not compute the right tax 72 percent of the time. The IRS's $3 billion budget is insignificant when compared to the costs the tax system imposes on the economy.
The desire of tax reform motivated President Reagan to propose a complete overhaul of the tax system. The president campaigned on a platform that called for tax simplification and movement towards a flat tax. The major characteristic of a flat tax is elimination of different tax rates for different incomes. Instead of penalizing higher income people, a flat tax would require equality of rates. For instance, a true flat tax might tax all income at 20 percent. Therefore, if a wage earner's income was $25,000, he would pay $5,000 excluding any exemptions. Someone earning $100,000 would play $20,000 in taxes, again excluding exemptions. A tax payer with four times as much income pays four times as much taxes, but the progressives in the current system would be eliminated.
Tax simplification would drastically reduce the current cost of complying with the rules and regulations in the present system. Total simplification would entail the elimination of all deductions and exemptions. For example, instead of getting a booklet of instructions from the IRS, all that would be needed is a postcard. The taxpayer would simply compute his income and send in a percentage.
In recent years, all major proposals have claimed to simplify taxes and flatten the rates. On the political level, the Reagan plan was preceded by the Kemp/Kasten and Bradley/ Gephardt proposals. Named for their congressional sponsors, both bills moved in the direction of tax reforms. Both involved some simplification and the Kemp/Kasten plan advocated a flat tax of 24 percent. The Bradley /Gephardt plan included three tax brackets, maintaining some progressivity but substantially less than the dozen or so brackets in the current code.
Reagan's tax reform bill is his second such proposal. The Treasury Department initially proposed a plan that was much closer to a simplified flat tax. After attracting strong criticism, the bill was removed for further revision. The bill the president sent to Congress was the result of that revision. Some of the key provisions of the President's package included raising the personal exemption, ending the deduction for states and local taxes, reducing the brackets to three rates of 15 percent, 25 percent, and 35 percent, and lowering the maximum corporate rate
...
Read Full Article
|
|
